Of all the milestones that parents look forward to, seeing their baby walk is the one they are most ...

Are you curious to know when your baby will start walking? Read this blog to know various signs baby will walk soon & learn how to help baby walk independently.

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प्रात:काल टहलने से मस्तिष्क में एंडोर्फिन हार्मोन स्रावित होता है जिस कारण हमारा मूड परिवर्तित होता है और सकारात्मक भावनाएं उत्पन्न होती है.

Walking

नींद, स्तनपान, बोतलें, पोस्टपर्टम स्वास्थ्य और माँ के रूप में आपकी नई भूमिका सहित नवजात शिशुओं और शिशुओं के बारे में अपने प्रश्नों के उत्तर प्राप्त करें।

infant

बच्चों का विकास एक जटिल एवं सतत प्रक्रिया है. उन्हें एक खास आयु में कार्य-विशेष करने में सक्षम होना चाहिए. ये विकासात्मक चरण या माइलस्टोन्स कहलाते हैं.

Growth&Development

चाहें आपके बच्चे जितने भी छोटे हों या बड़े आपका कर्तव्य कभी भी खत्म नहीं होता है. आपको हमेशा एक अच्छे माता पिता के रूप में बनकर रहना होगा और बच्चों का अच्छा ख्याल रखना होगा. आपको यह समझना होगा कि आप अपने बच्चों को कैसे प्यार दें.

BeingAParent

बच्चों की परवरिश और उसमें शामिल होने वाली सभी जिम्मेदारियां और गतिविधियां

ParentingTips

इस क्रिया में शिशु अपनी मांसपेशियों का उपयोग करते है.

MotorSkills

Signs That Your Baby Will Walk Soon

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Teething is the emergence of the primary (baby) teeth through a baby or child's gums

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Taking care of the safety and wellbeing of yourself and your baby

Safety&Care

Being a parent is a role that can bring you great joy and happiness as well as challenges to deal with. Nurturing your child and watching them grow and develop into their own unique person can add meaning and purpose to your life

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Dental Health is a general term that refers to the overall health status of your mouth

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Growth is the progressive increase in the size of a child or parts of a child. Development is progressive acquisition of various skills such as head support, speaking, learning, expressing the feelings etc

It involves learning to interact with other people and to understand and control your own emotions

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The process of training a child to control bladder and bowel movements and to use the toilet

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The process of meeting all the needs that a baby may require during the growing up years

BabyCare

A piece of absorbent material wrapped around a baby's bottom and between the legs to absorb and retain urine and faeces.

Diapering

A motor skill is simply an action that involves your baby using his muscles

Milestones are behaviors or physical skills seen in infants and children as they grow and develop.

Milestones

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Healthy eating during pregnancy is critical to your baby's growth and development. In order to get the nutrients you need, you must eat from a variety of food groups, including fruits and vegetables, breads and grains, protein sources and dairy products

Diet&Nutrition

Eating a variety of foods that give you the nutrients you need to maintain your health, feel good, and have energy.

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A phobia or intense fear experienced by a person due to an object or an experience

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The article throws light on various challenges faced by new parents to make their baby sleep and it has given rise to many myths. All the common baby sleep myths and facts are compiled in this write-up

Common Myths and Facts related to Baby's Sleep 

Babies do not have regular sleep cycles until about 6 months of age. While newborns sleep about 16 to 17 hours per day, they may only sleep 1 or 2 hours at a time

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परिवार में शामिल दूसरा बच्चा.

Second Child

Are you finding it arduous to manage your toddler and a new baby at the same time? 

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உங்கள் குழந்தையை வளர்ப்பதற்கும் அவரை/அவளை புரிந்துகொள்வதற்கும் உதவிக்குறிப்புகள்

தூக்கம், தாய்ப்பால், பாட்டில்கள், பிரசவத்திற்குப் பிந்தைய ஆரோக்கியம் மற்றும் பெற்றோராக உங்கள் புதிய பங்கு உட்பட, புதிதாகப் பிறந்த குழந்தைகள் மற்றும் குழந்தைகள் பற்றிய உங்கள் கேள்விகளுக்கான பதில்களைப் பெறுங்கள்.

பெற்றோராக இருப்பது உங்களுக்கு மிகுந்த உற்சாகத்தையும் மகிழ்ச்சியையும், அதே போல் சமாளிக்க வேண்டிய சவால்களையும் தரக்கூடிய ஒரு பாத்திரமாகும். உங்கள் பிள்ளையை வளர்ப்பது மற்றும் அவர்கள் வளர்ந்து, தனித்துவமான நபராக வளர்வதைப் பார்ப்பது உங்கள் வாழ்க்கைக்கு அர்த்தத்தையும் நோக்கத்தையும் சேர்க்கும்

How to Raise a Happy Child?

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You&#39;ve made sure your child is healthy, loved and has plenty of activities to fill her day. But do you sometimes wonder if she&#39;s happy? 
The good news is you don&#39;t have to be an expert in child psychology to impart the inner strength and wisdom it takes to cope with life&#39;s ups and downs. With patience and flexibility, any parent can lay the groundwork for a lifetime of happiness.

<h2>How will I know if my child is happy?</h2>

During her first six months of life, your baby will become a master at showing you when something makes her happy or upset.Her face will light up in a smile when you enter the room, and she&#39;ll cry when someone takes her favourite toy away. She&#39;ll switch from smiling to crying and back again so quickly that you often won&rsquo;t be able to keep up with her mood changes!Try not to worry if it seems like your baby spends more time crying or whining than giggling. It&#39;s because babies experience distress earlier than happiness. 
Crying and unhappy facial expressions are powerful ways for your baby to communicate with you. They alert you when your baby&#39;s nappy is dirty, when she&#39;s hungry, in pain, uncomfortable or colicky. As your child grows up, she&#39;ll be able to communicate her feelings more easily with words and body language.

<h2>How can I make sure my baby is having fun?</h2>

While a colourful mobile for her cot and a baby gym may bring a smile to her face, what makes your baby happiest is much simpler: you. Connect with your baby through games and play. If you&rsquo;re having fun, she&rsquo;s likely to be having a good time too! 
Play is also a great way for your child to develop skills that will be essential for her future happiness.Play doesn&#39;t mean organised sports, music classes and other structured activities. Play is when children invent, create, and daydream. As she gets older, unstructured play will help her work out what she wants to be when she grows up. Building houses with blocks, experimenting in her toy kitchen and banging on a pan with a spoon could all indicate future career paths (or rule them out!).

<h2>How can I help my child express her feelings?</h2>

For young babies, the only way they know how to express their feelings is through crying. But as your child gets older, you can encourage her to name her feelings and express them to you with words. Young children will pick up very quickly on emotional words such

as &quot;happy&quot; or &quot;angry&quot;. You&rsquo;ll probably hear an &quot;ahaa&quot; when she likes something or a &quot;na&quot; when she doesn&rsquo;t like something. Even before your child can talk, you can show different emotional expressions and ask her which one matches the way she is feeling. You can use your facial expressions or show her pictures of faces or smileys and ask her which one is feeling the same way she is. A happy child smiles, plays, exhibits curiosity, shows interest in other children, and doesn&#39;t need constant stimulation. But, bear in mind that it&#39;s normal for your child to become oversensitive, clingy or nervous at times. It may be because her routine has changed or she&#39;s been disappointed by something. This will happen more as she gets older. When your child sulks in a corner during a birthday party or cries because she hasn&#39;t been invited to one, don&#39;t dismiss those feelings. She needs to know that it&#39;s OK to be unhappy sometimes, it&#39;s simply part of life.

<h2>How can I protect my child when she&#39;s unhappy?</h2>

Parents try to make it better for their children all the time, to make them happy all the time. That&#39;s not realistic. Children need to learn to tolerate some distress, failure and some unhappiness. Hard as it may seem, let them struggle a bit and figure out things on their own. This helps them to learn how to cope. 
In your baby&rsquo;s first year, she&rsquo;s learning so many things, including how to:

<ul>
	<li>sit up</li>
	<li>crawl</li>
	<li>grasp objects</li>
	<li>walk</li>
	<li>talk</li>
</ul>

These skills take time to develop. It&#39;s important you let her make mistakes along the way, while encouraging her to keep trying. She&#39;ll feel everything from frustration and even anger at first, to a feeling of achievement and confidence when she gets it &quot;right&quot;. 
Allowing your child to feel all these emotions will help her build an inner strength that leads to happiness as she gets older. Don&rsquo;t make everything too easy for her. Remember, over-indulged children, whether showered with toys or shielded from emotional discomfort &ndash; are more likely to grow into teenagers who are bored, cynical, and joyless.

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<h2>How can I help my child grow and develop well?</h2>

The happiest people are often those who have mastered a skill. It takes time and effort to become really good at something. So when your child successfully identifies a colour, or writes her name for the first time, or recites a nursery rhyme give her lots of praise. She can really enjoy the success because she&#39;s worked hard to achieve it. She&#39;ll also take pride in others making a fuss over her achievement. 
Perhaps most importantly, she&#39;ll learn that she has some control over her life. If she puts her mind to it, she can be good at anything. This will continue to be an important factor in achieving happiness when she&#39;s an adult.

<h2>Does my child&#39;s health have an effect on her happiness?</h2>

Lots of sleep, exercise and a healthy diet are important to your growing child. Giving your little one plenty of space to release her energy will help put her in a good mood. Let her kick her legs in the air, crawl towards a favourite toy, or run around at the park. You could also try these fun ways to keep your little one occupied indoors. Pay attention to your child&#39;s need for structure, too. While some babies and toddlers are very easygoing, most thrive and feel more settled with a set routine.

<h2>Can my baby&#39;s mood be affected by what she eats?</h2>

Food allergies and sensitivities can play a role in your child&#39;s behaviour and mood. If you&#39;re nursing, you may find that your baby becomes fussy after you eat certain foods. Talk to your child&#39;s doctor if you suspect that your baby&#39;s formula or diet is linked to signs of distress. You might also want to pay attention to any connection between your baby&#39;s mood and particular foods. Some parents find that while sugar can give their child an energy boost, it can also lead to fussiness and tantrums. Growing babies and children need lots of nutrients not empty calories. Yet some foods commonly offered to babies are mostly junk food &ndash; high in calories, sugar, or salt, and low in nutrients. See the worst food and drink offenders for babies between six months and a year, and try our no-fuss, healthy swap suggestions.

<h2>Does my mood influence my child?</h2>

Yes. For better or worse, children pick up on their parents&#39; moods. Even young babies imitate their parents&#39; emotional style. When you smile, your baby smiles and her brain becomes &quot;wired&quot; for smiling.It&rsquo;s impossible to be positive and happy all the time when you are caring for a baby or young family. And, it&#39;s normal to feel tired and overwhelmed. But if you find yourself constantly stressed or depressed, it&#39;s important to seek help from your family or your doctor.There will be many times when you feel tired and overwhelmed. However, if you find yourself constantly stressed or depressed, it&rsquo;s important to seek help. Talk to your doctor. For a happy and healthy relationship with your baby, it is important she feels comfortable to come to you. As she gets older, she&rsquo;ll want to share her problems with you and it&rsquo;ll help when she sees you have time for her concerns.

<h2>How can I teach my child to care for others?</h2>

Even as early as 10 months old, your baby can be taught how satisfying it is to help others. If you give her a bite of banana, let her do the same by feeding you a piece. Show her how happy her gesture makes you feel. If you brush her hair, give her a chance to brush yours. These small moments can encourage her to share and to care for others. As your baby grows into a toddler, let her try her hand at simple chores. Putting her toys back in the toy box or her dirty clothes in the laundry basket, can help her feel that she&rsquo;s making a valid contribution. How your child treats and behaves with others will also come from what she sees at home. Babies are usually impressionable and also great mimics. If she sees rude, disrespectful or agressive behaviour by family members she may pick that up too. 
Disagreements are natural in all families, joint or nuclear. It&rsquo;s better to sort out differences when your little one isn&rsquo;t around. Keep your baby away from any heated discussions, aggression, or incidents of domestic violence as this may have a negative impact on her. 
In general, children need a happy environment with a loving family to thrive.

You may like: <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/when-will-my-toddler-learn-how-to-scribble-or-draw-101158?">When will my toddler learn how to scribble or draw? (mylofamily.com)</a>

<h3>References</h3>

<ol>
	<li>
	Jayne A. Fulkerson et al. (2006). Adolescent and Parent Views of Family Meals. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0002822306000071
	</li>
	<li>
	Conversano C, Rotondo A, Lensi E, Della Vista O, Arpone F, Reda MA. (2010). Optimism and its impact on mental and physical well-being. NCBI
	</li>
</ol>

At home your toddler spends their time singing, dancing and chatting with you but as soon as the doorbell rings and the next-door neighbour comes visiting, your toddler hides behind you and refuses to say hello. Sounds familiar? While some children may be shy sometimes, others may be quieter and more withdrawn in most social situations. Either way, your child needs to feel comfortable and confident about themself.

<h2>Is it normal for my toddler to be shy?</h2>

Yes, shyness is quite normal at this age. Toddlers tend to be shy because of two major reasons:

<h3>1. Shy temperament</h3>

Has your toddler always been quiet, inward-looking, or hesitant around strangers or group activities? Then, they&#39;re probably just somewhat timid by nature. Sometimes this kind of nature is called &quot;slow to warm up,&quot; since your child needs a little extra time to feel comfortable in unfamiliar situations.

<h3>2. Separation anxiety</h3>

If your toddler was previously outgoing and has recently become more bashful, he/she may have developed separation anxiety. They may suddenly seem even more attached than usual to you and to their carer but more reserved with others. Separation anxiety peaks sometime between 10 months and 18 months and usually diminishes by the end of the second year.

You may also like : <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/amazing-ways-to-help-your-toddler-talk-100553?">Amazing Ways to Help Your Toddler Talk</a>

<h2>What can I do to help with my toddler&#39;s shyness?</h2>

No matter the reason for your toddler&rsquo;s shyness, the recommendation for you as a parent is the same. Help them feel comfortable in social situations by letting them interact with others at their own pace. It might help to ask visiting friends and relatives ahead of time to approach your child slowly and wait for them to reach out to them, rather than vice versa. When it comes to group activities, don&#39;t worry if they hover on the periphery rather than jumping right into a game or activity. 
 
Let your child sit on your lap when playing with other children, for example, instead of plopping them down among them. They&#39;ll get more satisfaction from participating on their own terms. Even if it&#39;s just watching from the sidelines, he/she will enjoy it more than being urged or cajoled into joining in.

<h2>What should I bear in mind when dealing with my shy toddler?</h2>

Here are some points to remember when dealing with a shy toddler:

<h3>1. Be sympathetic</h3>

Parents are the best support that children look up to, so be sympathetic when your child expresses their unwillingness to mingle. Hold them, if they want you to, and talk to them about the place you have come to or the people you are meeting. For example say, &quot;The children are having fun, aren&rsquo;t they? They are all here to wish Manya a happy birthday; do you want to see her birthday cake?&quot;

Exploring your surroundings together may make them feel better. If your child is fearful of something, acknowledge their fears instead of brushing them off. Your child should be able to trust you and feel secure when things seem a bit uncertain.

<h3>2. Accept them</h3>

Respect your toddler&rsquo;s need for space in social situations while quietly encouraging them to get over their wariness. Making your toddler feel that they are introvert or shy may make them feel different or the odd one in the crowd.

<h3>3. Don&rsquo;t label</h3>

Even if your child is not shy, describing them as &quot;shy&quot; may well lead them to believe that they are indeed shy. And if they are naturally shy, then a label will only make them feel like it is something to be ashamed of. Discourage family members, teachers and other people from calling your child shy or timid. When someone comments on their behaviour, describe it in a manner that will not harm their self-esteem.

If you are an extrovert, resist the temptation to make your toddler more &quot;outgoing&quot;. Try to remember what it was like for you on the few occasions that you found yourself feeling a bit reticent.

<h3>4. Encourage but don&rsquo;t push</h3>

Gently nudge your child towards activities which involve socialising with other children but take care to do it at a pace he/she is comfortable with. Take them to the park just before most children usually come so that they get some time to adjust to their surroundings before they are ready to interact. This is much better than being the last to arrive when there is already a huge group of noisy children playing. 
 
You may be tempted to &quot;show off&quot; your toddler to relatives and friends. However, don&rsquo;t force him/her to sing a nursery rhyme when they are clearly not at ease.

<h3>5. Don&rsquo;t criticise</h3>

Harsh criticism or even teasing doesn&#39;t serve any purpose and will damage your child&rsquo;s self-esteem. Shyness is more of a natural trait and is not something your toddler has control over. Loving them for all the qualities which make them unique will do wonders for your child&#39;s confidence. Don&rsquo;t force them to socialise when they&#39;re uncomfortable. Instead, focus positively on the times when they manage to overcome their shyness. 
 
Sometimes the more a child is forced, the more they will retreat into their shell where they feel safe. It may be a good idea to speak to family members and friends who could help you in your efforts.

<h3>6. Help them</h3>

Teach your toddler skills that may not come naturally:

<ul>
	<li>how to say &quot;hello&quot; or introduce themself</li>
	<li>how to answer common social questions</li>
	<li>how to ask another child to play with them</li>
	<li>offering toys to someone who has come home</li>
</ul>

Before going out, talk to them about where you are going and what they can expect. Knowledge about what is going to happen and people may make it easier for a shy child to prepare themself.

<h3>7. Don&#39;t avoid social situations</h3>

Keeping your child away from social gatherings and group activities won&#39;t make life easier for them. They may take a little longer to get involved in activities or join the table at a birthday party, but the more they&#39;re exposed to such gatherings, the more comfortable they&#39;ll become. Make an effort to find ways to reduce the stress of being in such situations.

<h3>8. Find less stressful ways for your child to be social</h3>

Choose activities that include smaller groups and quiet or known environments. Organising playdates can help your child practice social skills without a lot of pressure. If a storytelling session at the local club is one of your child&#39;s favourite places, take them to the story hour there or invite a friend to join you for a visit.

<h3>9. Listen</h3>

Encourage your shy child to talk about their experience in each social situation they are placed in and when they do open up, give them your full attention. If they come up to you while you are in the middle of a conversation, excuse yourself for a few minutes and listen to what they have to say without behaving like they are interrupting you. If they talk to you later, ask them questions about how they felt about the outing and what they liked and didn&rsquo;t like and how they could deal with it the next time. If he/she tells you that they didn&rsquo;t like someone&rsquo;s behaviour such as squeezing them or pulling their cheeks, acknowledge their feelings instead of brushing them away.

<h2>Final Thoughts</h2>

There&#39;s no way to know whether your child will remain shy, but countless people have outgrown childhood bashfulness. So try not to worry about the future and focus instead on providing the acceptance and support that will help your child face the world. Help them feel comfortable with themselves and the world, and the confidence you instil in them will help them succeed in whatever they try. At the end of the day, remember that shyness is nothing to be ashamed of, and that plenty of shy people lead happy, fulfilling lives.

<iframe frameborder="0" height="167" scrolling="no" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/WhaX9r_t93M" title="YouTube video player" width="315"></iframe>

With being a parent comes a dozen responsibilities! Responsibilities you just can&#39;t ignore. One such responsibility is to toilet-train your baby. So, what is toilet training? Well, quite simply, it is just getting the idea of a toilet introduced to your baby. Stop! Did you think this means that your baby will not just walk into the loo and pee-poop themselves? No! Not at all! It just means that you need to take your baby to the washroom now every time they want to pee or poop!

There is no real milestone for when your baby is ready to be toilet trained. Babies aren&#39;t ready before 12 months to be toilet trained since their bowel and bladder movements are not in their control.

Some kids show signs of getting toilet trained between 18 to 24 months, while some may take up to 3 years. It is entirely normal, and there is no need to stress about it.

<h2>When should you start toilet training your baby? </h2>

There is no set pattern or timeline for it. Some parents start as early as when the baby is a month old. They watch for signs of the baby&#39;s pee and poop and run to the bathroom to get their baby done with pee or poop.

However, the ideal age to start toilet training your baby is when your baby is 8 or 9 months old. At this point, your baby&#39;s pee and poop cycle will be a lot more organized because, by this time, your baby would have started solid food. A breastfeeding baby and a baby on solid food will have different pee and poop cycle because a baby who is exclusively on breast milk will pee around 8-12 times a day and can poop either once a week or even many times a day! Hence, it&#39;s best to start toilet training your baby when used to solid foods

You may also like to read: <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/how-many-times-can-you-use-the-same-paper-toilet-seat-cover-171096">How many times can you use the same paper toilet seat cover? (mylofamily.com)</a>

<h2>How should your toilet train your baby? </h2>

Well, here are a few things you can follow to toilet train your baby:

<ol>
	<li>
	Use sounds your baby can associate with pee and poop. Many parents use the sound &quot;ssssss,&quot; and that&#39;s when the baby automatically understands that they need to pee or poop.
	</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>
	Schedule potty trips at regular intervals of time. Like, maybe every 45 minutes to one hour.
	</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>
	You can use a potty chair on the toilet for your baby to be comfortable during his pee and poop sessions.
	</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>
	As soon as you notice any signs of poop or pee, take your baby and run to the toilet soon!
	</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>
	Get them used to after-toilet rituals. Teach them to wash and wipe their genitals to eliminate the chances of germs in their genitals. Handwash after pee and poop is a must!
	</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>
	Once you see success in toilet training for 2-3 weeks, it is time to say goodbye to diapers!
	</li>
</ol>

<h3>References</h3>

1. American Academy of Pediatrics. (2011). The Right Age to Potty Train. helthychildren.org

2. Stanford Children&rsquo;s Health. Toilet training. stanfordchildrens.org

&quot;Breastfeeding is not always easy, but it is always worth it.&quot; 

Breastfeeding is known to have numerous benefits for both the mother and baby, including reducing the risk of infections, improving cognitive development, and promoting bonding. However, some breastfed babies may struggle to gain weight at a healthy rate, which can be a cause for concern for parents and healthcare providers alike.

Various factors, including maternal issues, breastfeeding techniques, and infant health concerns, can cause poor weight gain in breastfed babies. Identifying and addressing these risk factors is crucial to ensuring the healthy growth and development of the baby. This article will explore the common risk factors associated with poor weight gain in breastfed babies and provide practical advice for parents and healthcare providers to help support healthy breastfeeding and weight gain.

<h3>Risk Factors With Poor Weight Gain In Breastfed Babies </h3>

Several factors can contribute to poor weight gain in breastfed babies. These include:

Inadequate milk supply:

Insufficient milk supply is a common reason for poor weight gain in breastfed babies. This can be caused by various factors, such as poor latch, infrequent or ineffective breastfeeding, or underlying health conditions in the mother.

Incorrect breastfeeding technique:

An incorrect breastfeeding technique, such as poor latch or positioning, can make it difficult for the baby to extract enough milk from the breast. This can lead to inadequate milk intake and poor weight gain.

Tongue-tie or other oral issues:

Tongue-tie and other oral issues can make it difficult for the baby to latch correctly and extract milk from the breast, leading to poor weight gain.

Maternal health issues:

Certain maternal health issues, such as postpartum depression, can affect milk supply and breastfeeding success, leading to poor weight gain in the baby.

Prematurity or health issues in the baby:

Premature babies or babies with specific health issues, such as reflux or tongue-tie, may have difficulty breastfeeding effectively and struggle to gain weight.

Poor feeding habits:

Infrequent or inefficient feedings, such as nursing for short periods or not nursing on demand, can contribute to poor weight gain in breastfed babies.

<h3>What to Do If Your Baby Is Gaining Weight Slowly? </h3>

If your breastfed baby is gaining weight slowly, there are several things you can do to address the issue:

<ul>
	<li>Check with your healthcare provider: It&#39;s essential to first consult with your healthcare provider to rule out any underlying health issues contributing to slow weight gain.</li>
	<li>Increase feeding frequency: Breastfeed your baby more frequently, offering both breasts at each feeding. Aim for at least 8-12 feedings per day.</li>
	<li>Improve breastfeeding technique: Work with a lactation consultant to improve your breastfeeding technique, ensuring your baby is latching and suckling effectively.</li>
	<li>Monitor diaper output: Keep track of your baby&#39;s <a href="https://mylofamily.com/category/reusable-cloth-diapers-5433">diaper</a> output, as a healthy baby should have at least six wet dia<a href="https://mylofamily.com/category/reusable-cloth-diapers-5433">https://mylofamily.com/category/reusable-cloth-diapers-5433</a>pers and several bowel movements per day.</li>
	<li>Consider supplementing with expressed milk or formula: If your baby is not gaining weight despite efforts to increase feeding frequency and improve breastfeeding technique, your healthcare provider may recommend supplementing with expressed milk or formula to ensure that your baby gets enough nutrients.</li>
	<li>Address any maternal health issues: If you have any underlying health issues affecting your milk supply, such as postpartum depression or thyroid issues, address them with your healthcare provider.</li>
</ul>

It&#39;s important to remember that every baby is different and may have unique feeding needs. Working with a healthcare provider and a lactation consultant can help you determine the best course of action for your baby&#39;s needs.

<h3>Final Words </h3>

When it&#39;s safe for your baby, you may continue breastfeeding solely if you collaborate with your healthcare professional to monitor your baby&#39;s weight increase. If you decide to wean your kid from breast milk, you can pump solely, switch to baby formula, or do both. Mommies take a chill pill and always remember there is no one perfect way to feed your baby, you can try different things like exclusive breastfeeding, mix of top feeding and breast feeding, or formula milk alone. What is most important is the health of your baby and don&#39;t push just too hard and listen to what your baby needs!

Dt. Mansi Goyal

Read this article to know some complications that may arise in breastfed babies leading to a poor weight gain and how to overcome them.

Risk Factors With Poor Weight Gain In Breastfed Babies 

<h2>When should I talk to my child about strangers?</h2>

Two-year-olds and three-year-olds don&#39;t yet know what a stranger is, or who&#39;s harmless and who&#39;s not. However, you can still begin to teach your child about basic safety. He might not be ready for conversations about how to deal with strangers, but it is better to be safe than sorry. 
 
Remember at this stage, and even when he&#39;s a bit more older it&#39;s not safe to be left unsupervised in public, in common residential areas, or even in your gated neighbourhood. This is because he won&#39;t have good judgment yet or be able to control his natural impulses. 
 
As you begin talking about strangers, keep in mind that, stranger abductions are becoming alarmingly high these days. As a parent, hearing so many news reports of very young children being kidnapped, can sometimes leave you paranoid. 
 
While the safety of your child is of utmost importance, remember also that being able to talk to adults is an important social skill for your child. So try not to make him unduly afraid of talking to elders. You might have to take a balanced approach, even though you may be worried.

<h2>How should I begin talking with my toddler about strangers?</h2>

Start with basic safety 
Before trying to teach your toddler about strangers, have a chat about general safety first. When you go out, ask him to stay close and to hold your hand in crowded places. 
 
You&#39;ll also need to watch over him when he is in the neighbourhood park or when you&#39;re walking about in your apartment block. Even though there may be security in and around your area, there are plenty of people coming in and out of your society. 
 
Delivery boys, drivers, maids, courier services personnel as well as local visitors, even though verified may not always have the best intentions. 
 
Teach him about body safety 
Children this age are too young to learn the names of their genitals and that it&#39;s wrong for most people to touch them there. 
 
You could keep a code word for his genitals and tell him that, no one other than mummy or daddy is allowed to touch his genitals. Tell him that even mummy and daddy will do this only to clean him or when bathing him. 
 
If you would like to discuss any worries or need help with handling a difficult situation here are some resources:

<ul>
	<li>Childline India Foundation. Dial 1098 -- a toll-free 24-hour child protection helpline, supported by The Ministry of Women &amp; Child Development.</li>
	<li>TULIR - Centre for the prevention &amp; healing of child sexual abuse</li>
	<li>RAHI - Recovering and healing from incest</li>
	<li>Arpan - Towards freedom from child sexual abuse</li>
</ul>

 
Here is an interesting way in which NSPCC of the UK helps teach young children about stranger safety. The NSPCC&#39;s Underwear Rule is a useful way to teach your little one about safety as he grows. Using the word &quot;pants&quot;, this rule teaches your child:

<ul>
	<li>P is for &quot;Private&quot;</li>
	<li>A is for &quot;Always remember that your body belongs to you&quot;</li>
	<li>N is for &quot;No means no&quot;</li>
	<li>T means to &quot;Talk about secrets that upset you&quot;</li>
	<li>S is for &quot;Speak up, someone can help&quot;</li>
</ul>

 
Introduce the concept of strangers 
Usually, your child will be ready for this by the age of four. However, it is not too early to talk about it even in earlier years. Explain to him that a stranger is anybody he doesn&#39;t know. 
 
You can point out examples on a typical day, for example, a man at the supermarket or a woman in the park. To avoid scaring your child, emphasise that just because a person is a stranger, it doesn&rsquo;t make them a good person or a bad person. 
 
Go over dos and don&#39;ts 
Create some rules with your child about how to deal with strangers. It is highly unlikely that he will go anywhere without you at this young age, or even if he is without you, he&rsquo;d be with someone whom you trust. Still, it is wise to give him a plan to follow. 
 
For instance, say you get separated while you&#39;re out. You could try saying, &quot;If you lose me in the supermarket, go to where we pay for things and tell them you want to see mummy. Don&#39;t move from there until I come to get you&quot;. 
 
Tell your child that if he&#39;s ever approached by a stranger when he&rsquo;s not with you, he should go straight to the person who is supposed to be taking care of him.Even at home, have a few rules in place. Teach him that if someone rings the bells or comes to the door, he shouldn&#39;t try to open the door. He shouldn&rsquo;t answer the landline until he&#39;s older. 
 
Point out adults he can trust 
Besides his grandparents and close family members give a few examples of adults he can go to for help, such as a teacher, or his ayah. Point out authority figures, like security guards and store employees, so your child can identify strangers who might be able to help. 
 
Explain to your child how he can recognise people who work in a shop, either by their uniform or because they are behind the billing counter. A security guard will be dressed in his uniform and will have an ID card. 
 
Your school-age child should know that although it&#39;s okay to say hello to neighbours when you are close by, he doesn&#39;t have to talk to any stranger and he shouldn&#39;t if you aren&#39;t around. 
 
Read about safety together 
There are plenty of books about staying safe that you can read to your toddler. Use stories to explain the concept of strangers. Role-play to teach, not to scare. Act out with your child what to do if he&#39;s approached while alone in the park. (For example, he should move close to you or his maid.) 
 
Avoid scary statements 
To drive the message home, you may be tempted to issue warnings about how a stranger could take him away from you forever. Try to avoid doing this as it will only unnecessarily frighten your child. 
 
Repeat the message 
Young children learn through repetition, so you should stress the rules whenever an opportunity arises, such as before going to the zoo or mall where there are likely to be big crowds. 
 
Protect him from online strangers as well 
Parents today are posting pregnancy and birth announcements online, setting up email addresses and domain names for unborn children, and blogging and pinning all the joys and aggravations of parenthood. It&#39;s no wonder that children are introduced to digital media at an early age. 
 
If you allow your child some time on mobile devices, keep screens in public areas of your home, like the drawing room. Don&#39;t allow children to take them into their bedrooms or use them without your supervision. 
 
Set parental controls so that your child cannot access chat rooms , download software or use the camera or share photos - even accidentally. Many child-centred games have a parent dashboard where you can adjust permissions for chats, messaging, and more. 
 
Reinforce these safety rules with the caregivers 
Go over all these safety precautions with anyone caring for your child in your absence. If you live in a joint family, you will most have additional help, though it also means your family may have more visitors. 
 
If you and your husband are away at work and your maid manages your child, ensure she understands all the rules. She shouldn&rsquo;t have visitors over in your absence as well as take your child out of the residential complex without your permission. If she takes your child to the park with your permission, she shouldn&rsquo;t leave your child unattended for even a minute. 
 
It&#39;s important that you only hire a person who can trust completely. Read our article on how to find trustworthy childcare.

<h2>How do I answer common questions about strangers?</h2>

&quot;Is Aarav&#39;s mum a stranger?&quot; 
You must define clearly who can be trusted. You will need to do this on a case-by-case basis, as while Aarav&#39;s mum is a family friend, the courier person is not. 
 
&quot;What if a stranger gives me sweets?&quot; 
This question may be prompted by what your toddler has seen on TV or rumours he has heard from adults or other older children in the playground. Teach your child to firmly and politely decline. Remind him of the rule of immediately going to the person who is taking care of him at that point. 
 
&quot;What if someone tries to steal me?&quot; 
In the unlikely case that a stranger does put their hands on your child, tell him he should shout for help and say loudly that the person is not his mummy or daddy.

<h2>What else can I do?</h2>

Teach your child how to find you 
Start by teaching your toddler his own full name, then your full name, plus your address and telephone number. Many playgroups and preschools, have this activity even as part of their curriculum. Though your toddler may be still too small to remember everything, try to teach him as much as he can learn. 
 
Give your child a card to carry 
Additionally, you could give him a little card to carry in his pocket or pin it up on his shirt. The card should have all the relevant contact information mentioned above. If he goes to playschool or a daycare, he&#39;ll be given an ID card from the school as well. 
 
You may want to dress your child in brightly coloured outfits when he is out and about, so he&#39;s easy to spot in a crowd. Put a small card with identification information on it in one of his pockets in case you get separated, and keep a latest picture of him in case you ever need help finding him.

Though television and other new age media such as phones and tablets, may help your toddler learn new things, there are some negative influences as well. And, despite what commercials may say, videos that are aimed at very young children do not always improve their development. 
 
Media today influences children&#39;s behaviour to a great extent, and the effects of screen time on children have been vastly researched. Most experts around the world discourage screen time for children under the age of two. However, in today&#39;s times it may not be practical to always follow this guideline. If you allow your toddler screen time, it&#39;s best to limit it to a maximum of 15-20 minutes at a time, and no more than one hour (total) a day. 
 
There are valid reasons why television watching should not be part of your child&#39;s regular daily routine. Too much screen time is known to:

<ul>
	<li>make it hard for your child to sleep at night</li>
	<li>increase your child&#39;s risk of attention problems, anxiety, and depression</li>
	<li>cause strain to your child&#39;s eye and if your child is short-sighted it could worsen the condition</li>
</ul>

 
Screen time can also increase your child&#39;s risk of obesity because:

<ul>
	<li>Sitting and watching a screen is time that is not spent being physically active. 
	 </li>
	<li>TV commercials and other screen advertisements can lead to unhealthy food choices. Most of the time, the foods in advertisements that are aimed at young children are high in sugar, salt, or fats. 
	 </li>
	<li>Children eat more when they are watching TV, especially if they see advertisements for food.</li>
</ul>

 
That said, there are some benefits that children may derive from TV and other sources as well. For example, educational programs on TV might be informative and help your child learn new things in a fun way. 
 
Computers or laptops may also be useful when older children do their schoolwork. However, surfing the internet for long hours or spending too much time watching videos or playing games will account for unhealthy screen time. So moderation is the key. 
 
Limiting screen time can ensure that your child gets a lot of time for physical activities. 
 
Babies and toddlers learn more quickly through interactions that happen when they explore their actual, physical world. Setting limits is especially important because babies and toddlers are awake only so many hours a day, and most should be spent exploring their &quot;real&quot; world with you, their caregivers, and peers 
 
Here are some ways to reduce screen time:

<ul>
	<li>Remove the TV or computer from your child&#39;s bedroom or your bedroom if your child sleeps in your room. Try not to take your mobile phones and tablets into your bedroom. Establish &#39;screen-free&#39; zones at home. 
	 </li>
	<li>Avoid media before bedtime as it can be very stimulating, making it hard for children to calm themselves to go to sleep. 
	 </li>
	<li>Don&#39;t let your child eat while watching TV or using the computer or tablet. Eating while watching TV or using a screen can mean taking in too many calories. Never use the TV as a distraction tool to feed a fussy eater. 
	 </li>
	<li>Try not to leave the TV on for background noise, and turn the TV off when no one is watching. You could turn on the music player or radio instead, or choose not to have any background noise. 
	 </li>
	<li>Limit background TV when your child is playing or when you and your child are in a room together. Research proves that background TV is detrimental to children&#39;s learning. 
	 </li>
	<li>If it is hard not to have the TV on, try using a sleep function so it turns off automatically after a while. 
	 </li>
	<li>Decide which programs to watch ahead of time. Turn off the TV when those programs are over. 
	 </li>
	<li>Suggest other activities, such as family board games, puzzles, or going for a walk. 
	 </li>
	<li>Keep a record of how much time is spent in front of a screen. Try to spend the same amount of time being active. 
	 </li>
	<li>Be a good role model as a parent. Decrease your own screen time to two hours a day. 
	 </li>
	<li>Challenge your family to go one week without watching TV or doing other screen time activities. Find things to do with your time that get you moving and burning energy.</li>
</ul>

 
Limiting screen time is important, but when you do allow your child to watch TV or a tablet, ensuring he watches age-appropriate content is equally important. Here are some ways which can help you filter out what your child may be watching:

<ul>
	<li>Check established ratings systems for shows, movies and games to avoid inappropriate content, such as violence, explicit sexual content or glorified tobacco and alcohol use. Check the age group rating (U/PG/A) before allowing your toddler to watch any movie. 
	 </li>
	<li>Watch television and videos with your toddler, so you are aware of what he watches, and you can help guide his media experience. 
	 </li>
	<li>Choose content very carefully. Be sure that the content reflects your child&#39;s experiences in the real world. Programs or videos that your child watches should provide a context that your child can relate to and which is organised around everyday themes. 
	 </li>
	<li>See to it that your child watches programs that depict positive interactions between people and characters that serve as models for your child. For example, if your toddler watches a cartoon that always depicts the main character being lazy and less interactive with other characters, your child may try to imitate the character. 
	 </li>
	<li>You could choose programs and apps with interactive components that engage your child&#39;s participation. 
	 </li>
	<li>Avoid fast-paced programs, as research has shown they may temporarily impair young children&#39;s executive functioning, their ability to plan and organise information to reach a goal. For example, figuring out which blocks will work best to form a base for a tower so it won&#39;t fall down.</li>
</ul>

 
As parents, try to monitor your own media diet as well.

<ul>
	<li>Reserve time to watch adult-directed programs or videos when your toddler is not with you. Even the so called &quot;family entertainment&quot; movies or shows may not be suitable for your child. 
	 </li>
	<li>If you are keen to watch a movie, get a relative or a friend to babysit your toddler while you catch an afternoon show or watch while he is asleep.</li>
</ul>

 
It&#39;s possible that you find that all these guidelines are easier said than done. Limited space in urban cities or a large family may mean that your toddler is exposed to all kinds of movies and television shows throughout the day. 
 
If you live in a joint family, try to request other members in the family to watch serials, music videos and movies when your toddler is in the daycare or playschool or when he is playing outside. 
 
If certain shows are telecast when he is at home then they could consider recording and watching them later. Or you could watch them at a later time when they are re-telecast. If that doesn&#39;t work, try to keep your child engaged in another room with some puzzles or books while the show is on. 
 
It may be useful to keep the TV away from a common family area where your child plays often. 
 
Make sure you share these guidelines with your household help as well, especially if you&#39;re a working mum and leave your child alone in her care. 
 
If you live in a nuclear family and don&#39;t have enough help, it&#39;s possible that you may be tempted to use the TV sometimes to keep your toddler engaged. Maybe it&#39;s when you need to finish some chores or when you need a break after a tiring day at work. 
 
However, instead of using the TV as a babysitter, try finding other activities for your child. Involve your toddler in some simple tasks instead. Let him put his toys back into his toy box, or give him a piece of dough as you knead flour for chapattis. Keep a special set of blocks or a favourite toy handy for these times. 
 
Remember that at the end of the day, your toddler will always cherish the time he spends with you. Any activity with you is enough to keep him happy, and this will help cut down on unsupervised television time. What better way to bond with your child every day!

Reasons for baby throwing tantrums when you get back from work

Becoming parents for the first time can be overwhelming as you want to give and do the best for your little one. On becoming parents, you come to realise that babies cannot use the same products like us as their bodies are yet at a developing stage and hence vulnerable in many ways. Thus, baby products are introduced which are safer for your child as they are made in a way which will not harm your child&rsquo;s body in any manner. But the market is flooded with a number of baby products which come in attractive shapes, sizes, colours and even features and hence it becomes luring to parents who tend to stack up these in large numbers. But at the same time, you tend to think a lot about safety that comes with these products.

Ways of Choosing Best Baby Care Products

So, here are some tips and tricks which will help you in choosing the right baby products wisely.

1. Talk with your paediatrician: The best you can do is talk with your paediatrician before buying any sort of baby products for your child, after all it&rsquo;s hard to ignore a doctor&rsquo;s advice. In fact, the doctor himself will advise you to use certain kinds of products, which will not bring any harm to your little one. In addition to their medical training, paediatricians regularly encounter different products in their daily practice which enable them to tell which products are right for a young one. Before bringing your baby home, have a talk with the doctor about which products to be purchased that will suit your child, be it soaps, lotions or shampoos.

2. Understand common toxins: While you are shopping for baby products, you can do some research on your own or talk with the doctor about certain common toxins present in the products. While shopping you can have a look at the labels, which mention all kinds of chemicals used to produce the product. In this way you can avoid those products containing the harmful ingredients while choose the ones which are suitable for your child as recommended by the doctor.

3. Choosing products designed for babies: Soaps, shampoos and lotions made for babies are much milder than the regular products. It is advisable that you prefer these mild products and fragrance-free soaps and lotions that will keep your infant&rsquo;s skin soft, healthy and free from any infection since they are made from organic components and free from carcinogenic substances.

4. Bath products: While choosing a baby bath sponge, opt for cotton-based sponges or cotton towels which will not be harsh on your baby&rsquo;s skin since your child&rsquo;s skin can be very sensitive at this time and prone to rashes.

5. Diapers: Use bio degradable diapers for your infant which have high absorption properties that keep your child&rsquo;s skin smooth and soft and avoid any rashes.

6. Chew toys: As your child starts growing, he/she will begin teething which is when you will be buying a handful of chewing toys for your little one. These toys come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colours but do not get lured by them and opt for a plastic free toy that will be safer for your baby since he/she will be putting it in the mouth most of the time. Chew toys made from non-toxic materials can be chosen for your child&rsquo;s best health.

7. Feeding bowls &amp; bottles: Just like any other baby product, feeding bowls come in different shapes, sizes and colours and are made out of plastic. Though they tend to last for a longer period of time, plastic isn&rsquo;t safe for your baby. If possible, avoid the use of such plastic bowls to feed your child. Similarly, choose bottles that are BPA free and comes with a anti-colic nipple to avoid colic pains for yoour baby.

While the list of baby products is an endless one, parents are advised to purchase from reputed manufacturers and stores. Advertisements can be luring in many ways but do not give in to your temptations as you do not want to be misguided when it comes to your child&rsquo;s health. Be a discerning parent and invest in the right baby products for your little one growth and development.

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